Cellular Networks:
GSM 850MHz
GSM 900MHz
GSM 1800MHz
GSM 1900MHz
CDMA 800MHz
CDMA 1900MHz
CDMA 2100MHz
UMTS 800MHz
UMTS 850MHz
UMTS 900MHz
UMTS 1800MHz
UMTS 1900MHz
UMTS 2100MHz
iDEN 800MHz
iDEN 900MHz
PHS
TDMA
FDMA
Cellular Data Standards:
CSD
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
HSDPA
cdmaOne
CDMA2000 1x
CDMA2000 1xEV-DV
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
WCDMA
FOMA
Third generation (3G) networks were conceived from the Universal MobileTelecommunications Service (UMTS) concept for high speed networks for enabling a variety of data intensive applications. 3G systems consist of the two main standards, CDMA2000 and W-CDMA, as well as other 3G variants such as NTT DoCoMo's Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) used primarily in China.
Data Speed
The data speed of 3G is determined based on a combination of factors including the chip rate, channel structure, power control, and synchronization.
An example of calculating the theoretical 3G data speed is as follows:
* W-CDMA assigned code 400-500 Kpbs/code. 6 codes X 400 > 2Mbps (UMTS target for 3G data speed in fixed location)
Actual data speeds will vary in accordance with several factors including:
* Number of users in cell/sector
* Distance of user from cell
* User is moving or stationary
* Network operator capacity and network optimization requirements
1xEV-DO is a data-only solution, supporting a theoretical data speed of up to 2.457 Mbps
1xEV-DV is a data and voice solution, supporting a theoretical data speed of up to 3.072 Mbps
FOMA has two operational modes, supporting a dedicated 64 Kbps connection or a 384 Kbps downlink/64 Kbps uplink best-effort connection.
TD-SCDMA can operate in 1.6 MHz or 5 MHz mode for 2 Mbps or 6 Mpbs respectively
Impetus for
3G
The major impetus for 3G is to provide for faster data speed for data-intensive applications such as video. In addition, 3G to providing faster data speeds on a per-user basis, 3G is also helpful to provide greater overall capacity for voice and data users. For example, NTT DoCoMo's plan to migrate iMode users from the 2G PDC network to FOM is driven by overall capacity concerns, as apposed to individual user data speed requirement.